甘草素.Licorice vegetable

 

一、           Introduction:

The licorice medicine material that the Chinese national medical dictionary affirms the plant has at first three kinds of, namely licorice(the Glycyrrhiza uralensisFisch.), The bulge fruit licorice(GlycyrrhizainflataBat.)With the light fruit licorice(the Glycyrrhiza glabraL.)Of the Gan dry root and root-stock.

Source:For bean section plant

The habitat distributes

Licorice:The lord produces Inner Mongolia, sweet Su, Xinjiang.Northeast, the river north, the mountain west etc. the ground also produces.

The bulge fruit licorice and light fruit licorice:The lord produces Xinjiang, sweet Su.

Medicine material characteristic

Licorice:The root presents the cylinder form, growing a 25-100 cms, diameter 0.6-3.5 cms.The surface red palm tree or beige, have the obvious Zong crease, ditch Wen, the skin hole and sparse thin root Hen.The quality is solid, the cross section shows a fiber slightly, yellow white, powder, become the layer wreath obviously, shoot the line emanation form, have of have the Lie Xi.The root-stock surface contain the bud Hen, there is Sui in the cross section central part.The spirit is tiny, having a different licorice sweet flavor especially.

Bulge fruit licorice:The root and the root-stock wood quality are robust, having of have of the cent, the cortex is rough, having another the ash palm tree or dust-colour.The quality is strong and tough, the wood fiber is many, the powder is small.The root-stock not certain bud is many and bulky.

Light fruit licorice:The root and the root-stock quality are more solid, having of have of the cent, the cortex isn't rough, having another beige, the skin hole is thin and not obvious.

Main chemistry composition

Licorice:The root and root-stock contain three Type vegetable(Glycyrrhizin) with sweet compound licorice, main is licorice sour(the Glycyrrhizic acid) potassium, the calcium salt, is the sweet flavor composition of the hay.Licorice the sour water produces two numerator grape carbohydrate Quans after solving sour with a member 18 is sour(18 βs-Glycyrrhetics acid).Contain still Qian Ji licorice time is sour.(24-Hydroxyglycyzzhetecaced)Licorice the sweet and plain content is in , the licorice time the sour content is in .The licorice contains flavonoid compound still, mainly having the licorice(Liquiritin), licoriceDollar(Liquiritigenin), different licorice(Iso-Liquiritin), new licorice(Neo-Liquiritin)different licorice Dollar(Iso-Liquiritigenin), lately different licorice(Neoisoliquiritin)wait for.Still contain Chun etc. of β -valley Zi.

Bulge fruit licorice:The main composition and licorice likeness.Still contain a licorice to check the ear Tong I(LicochalconeI).

Light fruit licorice:The main composition and licorice likeness.Still contain sour Ⅰ , Ⅱ (Deoxyglycyrrheticacid Ⅰ , Ⅱ ), the different licorice time is sour(Liquiriticacid) to the oxygen licorice time and flavonoid compound light fruit licorice(Liquiritoside), light fruit licorice The dollar(Liquiritogenine), licorice checks the ear Tong(Licochalcone) A.B etc..

 

The effect lord cures

Repairing the Pi benefit annoys, the pure heat counteracts poison, dispeling phlegm to stop coughing, slowly nasty relieve pain, temper a medicine.Be used for appetite weak, the ennui is tired, heart palpitates spirit short, cough phlegm have another, wrist stomach, the arms and legs Lyuan nasty ache, Yong swollen Chuang poison, alleviate a medicine toxicity, violent.

 

二、The ingredient effect of the licorice: 

Winning modern science studies enunciation, the licorice has 100 various chemical elements, the main composition has a sour licorice, the licorice Etc., the licorice is sour is a very precious natural antidote, promote obviously the adrenal glands skin hormone kind function, can be used for human body anti- decrepitude, anti- Yan disease, decline to press and strengthen the machine body immunity power, raise the physiology function, change a well high blood fat of disease a disease, maintain the water salt to metabolize balance, at home and abroad all have research report, the licorice is sour can promote the Ai Zi patient immunity the power recover, inducing interferon, repressing the cancer cell of growth, now domestic and international some researchers have already tried to withdraw a licorice of the main composition carry on the structure reformation, ability obvious reduce side effect, strengthen curative effect, licorice the United States, the former Soviet Union Yu is'the fairy grass''the God grass'.Along with to the research of the licorice, the new use people of the licorice changes with each passing day, is applying to a food, beverage, tobacco, makeup, chemical engineering, make by fermentation broadly now, national defense etc. industry, acrossed to go into people's daily life realm.

 

The live composition of the licorice

The chemistry of the licorice constitutes extremely complicated, currently separate from the licorice of the compound has a sour plain sweet licorice, the licorice time, the licorice , Different licorice , New licorice , The lately different licorice is sweet, the licorice vegetable, different licorice vegetable and the licorice west settle, licorice Chun, different licorice Chun, 7-A Ji the ester in the fragrant bean Jing, the San form flower etc. is several kinds of compounds, but these compositions and quantity usually would with the category of the licorice, plant district and adopt to accept time etc. the factor be different.

A great deal of research expresses the licorice sweet vegetable and flavonoid material are the most important physiology the live material mainly is existed in the licorice root epidermis in the licorices in of part.

 

Licorice sweet vegetable

The licorice is sweet and plain(licorice vegetable) is in the root and root-stock of the licorice contain of a kind of five wreaths three Soap , The content adopts the dissimilarity and motion of accepting the season bigger with the species, if contain about in the root-stock of the Chinese licorice, Russian licorice is , Afghanistan licorice i.The molecular formula  the licorice sweet vegetable, opposite numerator quantity , the Rong orders 220 ℃ , difficult dissolve after the cold water and the sparse ethanol liquid, being dissolved in hot water easily, aqueous solution presenting weak acidity, cooling off present sticky the dense form gum jelly.Licorice the sweet vegetable be been sour by 2 numerator grape carbohydrate Quans is cold and sour with licorice to combine and become, among them, the licorice time is sour(the Glycyrrhetinic acid) is a licorice the soap  of the sweet vegetableGo together with Ji, is also a licorice one of the valid live compositions of the sweet vegetable.

Is the most important live composition in the licorice, licorice the sweet vegetable have to counteract poison, anti- Qu Chi, the anti- Yan disease etc. function.The licorice is sweet and plain and don't dissolve the blood function, because it can dissolve the blood vegetable through the red cell surface absorption to obstruct to dissolve the blood vegetable toward red cell to close to thus.The licorice time is sour to then have already dissolved the blood function, also having an anti- Yan disease, the anti- allergy, anti- to digest a way ulcer etc. function.In addition to above physiology function, licorice the sweet vegetable still has a bigger sweet degree, the Gan grass of the jot is sweet to use the dosage that can reduce cane sugar with the cane sugar.

Withdraw a sweet vegetable of licorice from the licorice however is the business of 20 years, the United States, Japan, Russia made a great deal of research in this aspect.The commercial product has a conglomeration form, the grain form with sticky dense form etc. currently.Slice the licorice thin to add 5 cold water of amount of timeses to soak a 2 ds first while withdrawing, immerse to lift the liquid percolation to get the Lyu liquid and Lyu residue respectively.The cold water that goes toward to join again 3 amount of timeses in the Lyu residue soaks a 12 hs, filtering to get a Lyu liquid again.Merging two Lyu liquids evaporates concentrated, join ethanol and place a 2 ds under the low temperature after cooling off, will mixture liquid the percolation evaporates a concentrated Lyu liquid to get again black brown sticky the dense form take out to lift a liquid.

Take out to lift at this time liquid in of licorice the sweet and plain content is about , the aridity loses heavy below , the licorice takes out to lift a liquid to condense dry young man a licorice a sweet and plain and thick crystallize again, being thick this to crystallize finally in the sparse ethanol aqua to carry on heavy the crystallize can immediately get a sweet and plain product of refined licorice.

Another a kind of use after withdrawing the method is to wash the licorice clearly broken  measure  ammonia waters to immerse to lift, after immersing to lift completion filter is withdrawn a liquid, withdraw the liquid vacuum to condense to go to an original physical volume , again regulate to the pH with the oil of vitriol 3 make the sweet vegetable of licorice precipitate Xi to pay, filter to get a thick licorice sweet vegetable, use a water to wash away dirt a thick licorice well sweet vegetable go to pH neuter gender also in under 60 ℃ conditions the aridity get sweet and plain powder of thick licorice.Join 4 ethanol heating reflux 3 hs of amount of timeses in the powder form the thick hay the sweet vegetable, re- join in the Lyu residue after filtering 200% fresh ethanol measured repetition reflux two times.Merge all reflux liquids, join a live Tan reflux of 10 gs to take off the color 30 mins, filter again to remove live Tan after cooling off, to open into an ammonia to annoy in the Lyu liquid to have no solid Xi out(pH 7-7.5), filter collections to precipitate and use a little amount ethanol rinse, after washing away dirt of precipitate after the indoor temperature descend aridity namely get a licorice sweet plain three An saltseses.Licorice the sweet plain three An saltseses use with same quantity of the ice acetic acid is heavy to crystallize two times, getting thin yellow of licorice sweet and plain and single An salt, continue to use measure ethanol heating deliquescence a licorice sweet and plain and single An salt and take off a color with the live Tan, after cooling off, filtering and condensing Xi pay of the white crystal fored a licorice the sweet vegetable crystallize.

 

Flavonoid material

Concerning flavonoid in the licorice the report way of the material isn't just a lot of, having already had of the research all thinks it is in the licorice another a type of material with live important physiology as a result, there is important function in the licorice anti- the ulcer, the solution the spasm etc. the physiology function.The licorice flavonoid material included a licorice vegetable(Liquiritigenin), different licorice vegetable(Isoliquiritigenin), licorice (Liquiritin), different licorice(Isoliquiritin), new licorice (Neoliquiritin), lately different licorice (Neoisoliquiritin), different licorice vegetable-4-the β -glucose-β -ocean Yuan secure sugar (Licurazid)wait for.

 

三、The hairdressing result of the licorice vegetable:

Licorice fair mechanism:

Obstruct the formation of the melanin with this, reach fair result thus.The licorice extracts the fair function of the thing from the particular species(Glycyrrhiza) extract the licorice flavonoid is a plant natural and fair, repress sour  of Lao(Tyrosinase), repress many Gou s with different Ba's dyesActivity(also call many Ba's dyes to change  with each other-The dopachrome tautomerase, )with obstruct Qian Jis-the Zui is sour to oxidize (The dHICA oxidase,)come together.

 

The licorice defends to bask a mechanism:

The licorice extracts a thing in, the flavonoid compound has already defended to bask function, due to the total yoke of the licorice flavonoid compound numerator structure, to strong ultraviolet ray and it is thus clear that the lights all show good absorption.Absorbed the high energy ultraviolet ray numerator, release mentally retarded quantity harmless shoot line, so the licorice extracts to absorb power to the ultraviolet ray strong, don't stimulate the skin stability high.

 

The licorice chemistry composition and pharmacology function:

Separate the bean joss-stick plain and various amino acids chemistry composition to reach to 170 varieties more from the licorice plant, mainly have three Jians settle out 61 kinds of, among them Dollar 45 and flavonoid compound and its derivatives resolve 106 kinds of among them The dollar is 73s, a little amount living creature, The wood quality plain bean joss-stick the plain and various amino acids licorice extract a thing in especially the flavonoid in the licorice have fair function to the skin, to strong ultraviolet ray with it is thus clear that the lights all have very absorb, defend a wet function, use security, the result geniality.

 

1. (Liquirtigenin)：